William c



GAR HEATER.

Patented Mar. 31, 189 1.

" UNI ED -Srlrrns;

"PATENT QFFICE, I

\VILLIAM O. BAKER, OF NEIV YORK, N. ASSIGNOR TO THE BAKER HEATER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

CAR-H EATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part'of Letters Patent No. 449,306, dated March 31, 1891.

Application filed October 18, 1888. Serial No. 288,460. (No model.)

To ctZl whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM C. BAKER, of the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Car'IIeaters, of which the following is a specification.

In railwaycars, especially those drawn by horses and usedin cities, difficulty has existed in properly warming and ventilating them without occupying too much space, or using an apparatus that is heavy and liable to inj ure the clothing of persons crowded closely against such heater.

The object of the present invention is to heat the car without interfering materially with the seating capacity of said car, and without the risk of injury to persons or clothing that is in contact with the heater. Vith this object in view I construct a fire-pot adapted to being placed beneath the car-seat, with a small ascending fine for the gases, and around this flue and the fire-pot is a nonconducting casing at a sufficient distance to form a flue for air to circulate freely and become warmed, so as to pass out into the car and heat the same, and the flue and non-conducting casin g pass up through the seat of the car and near the back thereof, and they occupy but little space, so that the seat is not materially interfered with, there being sui'ficient width in front of the non-conducting casing for a child or other person to sit, and the casing, lined with non-conducting material, does not become heated. Hence a person can sit close to the same.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sec tion representing my improved heater as in position for use. Fig. 2 is a plan sectionally at the line a; x.

The fire-pot A is provided with a grate .B at the bottom portion and the pot is contracted around this grate, as shown at 2, and the up per part of the fire-pot is contracted conic-ally, as at 3, for the reception of the ascending flue or smoke-pipe D, and the fire-pot is preferably extended down as one casting to form an inclosure E for the ash-pit, and there is an opening at one side of this inclosure provided with a sliding door F, by which access is given for the removal of the ashes or for the raking or shaking of the ashes from the fuel.

The flue-pipe D ascends vertically, or nearly so, and passes out through a hole in the top of the car and terminates with a cap II of any suitable character, and I prefer to make use of the heating-drum K, formed of double truncated sheet-n1etal cones set together at the bases to form a chamber, within which the heated gases expand as they ascend thrpugh the flue D. I have represented part of the side of a car at L and the seat at M, and in the top of the car there is a sheet-metal ring N around the flue-pipe D. This pipe D and the non-conductin g casing P pass through the seat M, and said non-conducting casing P is made of sheet metal lined with asbestus paper, there being two or three layers of such asbestus paper, so as to intercept any heat that may be radiated from the flue D above the seat M and from the fire-pot below the seat M. The casing P is enlarged so as to form a shield I around the fire-pot A, with the conical connection at to the casing P. This shield and the conical connection are lined with asbestos paper sufficiently to prevent the heat radiated from the fire-pot A rendering the sheet metal ofthe shield sufficiently hot to injure the clothing or inconvenience passengers that may be in contact with such shield, and this shield extends down below the grate B and around the ash-pit; but there is sufficient space between the bottom edge of such shield and the floor of the car to give access to the slide-door F, and also to allow the atmosphere to enter freely between the shield and the fire-pot and pass up around the flue D and escape at the flaring upper edge 0 of the non-conducting casing. This casing I should extend. sufficiently high for the upper edge thereof to come above the heads of passengers seated upon the seat M. Hence the air, which is warmed as it ascends within the casing P, passes out freelyinto the car and is deflected by the conical bottom of the drum K, and the circulation of the air through this casing is sufficiently rapid to warm the car in aproper manner, and the non-conducting lining of the casing effectually prevents injury to passengers or their clothing, and there is no unpleasant heat in consequence of being near the heater or in contact with the exterior of the casing.

In order to allow for the introduction of fuel into the fire-pot, make an opening at one side of the fluepipeD and attach around the opening a'fraine' R, that is adapted to till the space between the flue-pipe I) and the non-conducting casing Pat such opening, and I make an opening in this casing P corresponding to the opening in the said frame R, and I connect with the casing the circular guides S 9, that receive the door S for closing the opening. 'lhi zi door is not to be provided withahandle,butitis slid aroundin theguides by asuitable tool brought into contact with the edge of the door, and by which it is slid around in the guides 8 and 9 for opening or closing the space through which fuel is inserted to the fire-pot. This doorS, being plain and without a handle, is not easily tampered with or opened by passengers, and the inside of this door S is to be lined with asbestus paper or similar i'naterial, and preferably provided with an inner sheet of thin metal to prevent injury to the ashestus paper as the door is slid in'opening and closing the same.

I am aware that a heater has been placed below the car-floor, and that a casing has been provided around the ascending smokefiue; but this is not adapted to street-cars, because the casing becomes hot and passengers are liable to coineinto contact with the same. and the heater is not easily supplied with fuel. I am also aware that heating-pipes have been surrounded with non-conducting material to prevent radiation.

In my present improvements the nonconducting material and circulating air keep the casing and shield from injuring or annoying persons that are in direct contact therewith, and although conical drums have been used in smoke-fines they have not acted also as deflectors to distribute warm air coming up through an annular easing.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, in a heater for s"reet cars, of a fire-pot below the seat and above the floor, with a grate and ash-pit and a contracted upper end to such fire-pot,a flue-pipe rising above the fire-pot and passing through the seat and the root of the car, a casing around the tire-pot, open at the lower end and also around the smoke-flue, a lining of non-cond'ucting material, there being an airspace between the fire-pot and flue-pipe and said non-conducting lining, and a fuel-supplying opening passing through the casing, lining, and flue-pipe above the seat anda door to said opening, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a car-heater, of a fire-pot having a grate and a conical upper end, in combination with the ascendingsmokeflue that passes off through the top of the car, a casing surrounding the smoke-flue and forming an annular channel for the ascending heated air, the shield surrounding the fire-pot and connected at the upper part with the lower end of the non-conducting casing, a non-conducting liningto the casing and to the shield for preventing them becoming heated by radiation or the ascending circulating air, and the double truncated conical drum in the smoke-flue to deflect such air laterally within the car, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a heater for streetcars, of a fire-pot below the seatand above the floor, with a grate and ashrpit and a contracted upper end to such fire-pot, a l'luepipe rising above the fire-pot and passing through the seat and the roof of the car,a casing around the fire-pot, open at the lower end and also around the smoke-flue, a lining of non-conducting material, there being an air-space between the fire-pot and flue-pipe and said non-conducting lining, a perforated conical upper end to the casing around the flue-pipe, a fuel-supplying opening passing through the casing, lining, and flue-pipe above the" seat, and a door to said opening and guides around the casing in which the door is slid, substam tially as specified.

Signed by me this 8th day of October, 1888.

V. C. BAKER.

Witnesses:

G o. T. PINCKNEY, \VILLIAM e}. MOTT. 

